2%(以3-氨基-2-噻吩甲酸甲酯计)。与文献报道的工艺相比,该路线操作简单、条件温和、收率较高,适用于工业化生产。
目的对一种用于治疗人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)阳性乳腺癌的抗人类表皮生长因子受体2人源化单克隆抗体靶向生物制剂的关键质量属性进行多维度评价研究。方法采用高效液相色谱、毛细管电泳、动态光散射、圆二色谱、差示扫描量热技术、液质联用技术、体外活性实验以及表面等离子共振(SPR)技术分别对抗人类表皮生长因子受体2抗体的纯度、杂质、结构、活性等关键质量属性进行多维度分析。结果该抗体的单体纯度>98%,聚体杂质97%,非糖重链杂质<1%;与参比生物制剂可比的圆二扫描图谱、二级结构预测结果和去折叠温度,N-糖修饰位点、种类和各糖分布比例与参比生物制剂高度相似;BT474增殖抑制活性、抗体依赖细胞介导的细胞毒性作用活性、抗原抗体亲和力、Fc受体亲和力等活性相关质量属性与参比生物制剂均无显著差异。结论该抗体高纯度、低杂质特性暗示其产品均一性和较低的安全风险,与参比生物制剂高度相似的高级结构、糖基化修饰和生物功能也从多个角度得到证实,这些正向质量评价是开展临床实验研究的前提,同时从某种程度上可以与临床安全和疗效指针建立关联。
酪氨酸激酶抑制剂伊马替尼在胃肠道间质瘤(GISTs)的治疗中已取得令人瞩目的疗效,然而伊马替尼继发耐药的出现成为亟待解决的临床难题。GISTs对伊马替尼继发耐药的可能机制包括KIT/PDGFRA基因二次突变、PTEN基因丢失、触发GIST细胞进入静止期等。针对上述耐药机制,目前已提出新型酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、联合应用下游通路靶向抑制剂、较少依赖KIT/PDGFRA途径的靶向抑制剂(KIT分子伴侣抑制剂、极光激酶抑制剂等)、诱导静止期GIST细胞凋亡等解决伊马替尼继发耐药的策略,本文就相关研究进展作一综述。
The

ZD6474浓度 phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway is genetically targeted in more pathway components and in more tumor types than any other growth factor signaling pathway,and thus is frequently activated as a cancer driver.More importantly,the PI3K/AKT pathway is composed of multiple bifurcating 点击此处 and converging kinase cascades,providing many potential targets for cancer therapy.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is a high-risk and high-mortality cancer that is notoriously resistant to traditional FDA-approved Drug Library nmr chemotherapies or radiotherapies.The PI3K/AKT pathway is modestly mutated but highly activated in RCC,representing a promising drug

target.Indeed,PI3 K pathway inhibitors of the rapalog family are approved for use in RCC.Recent large-scale integrated analyses of a large number of patients have provided a molecular basis for RCC,reiterating the critical role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in this cancer.In this review,we summarize the genetic alterations of the PI3K/AKT pathway in RCC as indicated in the latest large-scale genome sequencing data,as well as treatments for RCC that target the aberrant activated PI3K/AKT pathway.
目的:探讨巨噬细胞活化过程中P i m-1的动态表达及抑制磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K),P38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,P38MAPK),Janus家族酪氨酸激酶2(Janus kinase 2,JAK2),细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2,ERK1/2)信号关键分子后Pim-1的表达情况.方法:利用q-RT PCR、Western blot技术检测经脂多糖(lipopolysaccharides,LPS)处理后0、1、2、4、8、12、24 h巨噬细胞中P i m-1m R N A及蛋白的动态表达及P I3K、P38MAPK、JAK2及MEK1/2抑制剂对Pim-1蛋白表达的影响.